人工智能与算力 · 实体清单
属于人工智能与算力领域，于 2022 年 12 月 16 日 被列入实体清单。
人工智能与算力是 2022 年以来美国对华管制的新焦点。管制逻辑从“限制芯片出口”延伸到“限制算力获取”与“限制模型能力”，被列入清单的多为 AI 芯片设计公司、计算机视觉企业与智能语音企业。
2022 年 12 月 16 日，BIS 将长江存储、寒武纪等 36 家中国实体列入实体清单，重点针对 3D NAND 存储与 AI 芯片。这是美国对华存储与算力管制的关键一步。
实体清单：实体清单（Entity List）由美国商务部工业与安全局（BIS）依据《出口管理条例》（EAR）第 744.11 条维护。被列入者采购受 EAR 管制的美国原产技术、软件与产品时需申请许可证，且通常适用“推定拒绝”政策——即默认不批。
被列入上述名单后，该实体在采购美国原产的技术、软件与设备时受到限制，具体许可要求与审查政策以其所属公告原文为准。
Xiong'an Cambricon Technology Co., Ltd. under the destination of China to the Entity List for acquiring and attempting to acquire U.S.-origin items in support of China's military modernization.
Federal Register 原文（英文）以上为美国商务部工业与安全局在联邦公报中就该实体作出的官方表述。本站将其原文摘录以便对照核查。
The Department of Commerce is amending the Export Administration Regulations (EAR) by adding thirty-six entities to the Entity List. These entities have been determined by the U.S. Government to be acting contrary to the national security or foreign policy interests of the United States and will be listed on the Entity List under the destinations of the People's Republic of China (China) and Japan. This rule also revises three entries on the Entity List under the destination of China. Lastly, as a conforming change to the addition of one entity to the Entity List under the destination of China, this rule removes this entity from the Unverified List (UVL). The entity is being added to the Entity List for reasons not related to the prevention of an end-use check and is removed from the UVL for consistency with the existing policy of not listing an entity on more than one of these lists at the same time.
该实体的列入时间、清单类型与公告批次均已核对官方文件；由于公开可核实的中文资料有限，本站暂未对其进行逐条的深度解读。
Additions and Revisions to the Entity List and Conforming Removal From the Unverified List（87 FR 77505）
87 FR 77505